In a move that blends history with modern mining technology, India is reviving the iconic Kolar Gold Fields (KGF) in Karnataka—its first gold mine restart since independence. Once known as the “Golden City of India,” KGF had remained inactive for decades after being shut down in 2001.
What’s Happening?
In June 2024, the Karnataka cabinet gave the green light to a proposal from the Union Government for surface mining across 13 tailings dumps spread over 1,003 acres of land once owned by Bharat Gold Mines Ltd (BGML). These dumps contain waste from past mining operations but are rich in residual gold.
How Much Gold Is There?
According to official estimates:
- The dumps contain 32 million tonnes of material.
- These yield around 23 tonnes of recoverable gold.
- Annual gold production is projected to reach 750 kg, once full-scale recovery begins.
Modern Mining, No Deep Shafts
Unlike the deep shaft mining methods of the past, KGF’s revival will focus on surface-level tailings extraction. Techniques like heap leaching and carbon-in-pulp (CIP)—commonly used in modern gold recovery—will make the operation more viable and cost-effective.
Why This Matters
- First gold mining restart since independence
- Potential to boost domestic gold output and reduce imports
- Symbolic revival of India’s once-thriving gold industry
- Job creation and economic activity for the Kolar region
Historical Context
The KGF mines, once among the deepest and richest gold mines in the world, were shut down on February 28, 2001, due to high costs and reduced profitability. Their reopening represents not just an economic initiative but a revival of legacy.
What’s Next?
With central and state government approvals in place, initial surface operations will begin shortly. Full-scale commercial production is expected once environmental and operational clearances are completed.
Conclusion
The return of Kolar Gold Fields marks a historic comeback for India’s gold mining sector. With 23 tonnes of gold waiting in the dumps and modern extraction techniques at hand, the move promises not only a boost to gold production but also a revival of national pride.
