India’s space journey, which began in 1980 with the modest SLV-3 launch vehicle carrying a 35-kg payload, is now advancing toward an ambitious future. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has revealed plans for an advanced heavy-lift rocket capable of carrying nearly 75,000 kg payload into space. This rocket, nearly as tall as a 40-storey building, represents a transformational step in the country’s capability to launch large-scale missions.
India’s Human Spaceflight, Lunar Missions, and Space Station Vision
ISRO is also progressing with the Gaganyaan programme, India’s first human spaceflight initiative. The first unmanned test mission is scheduled shortly, marking a crucial milestone toward sending Indian astronauts into space. Alongside, the Chandrayaan-4 programme has received approval, strengthening India’s lunar exploration efforts following the success of Chandrayaan-3.
Another major goal is the Bharathiya Anthariksh Station, India’s own space station, targeted for completion by 2035. Initial module launches are planned by 2027, setting the foundation for long-term human presence in space. Furthermore, India has committed to landing an astronaut on the moon and ensuring a safe return through a fully indigenous mission by 2040.
Venus Mission, NGLV, and Space Reforms Driving India’s Space Future
Expanding planetary exploration, ISRO has also approved a Venus Orbiter Mission to study Earth’s closest planetary neighbour, advancing scientific research on atmospheric and geological conditions. To support these missions, the development of a Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) with a recoverable first stage has been approved, emphasizing cost-efficiency and reusability.
These initiatives align with the Government of India’s Space Sector Reforms, designed to foster innovation, encourage private sector participation, and create a vibrant space ecosystem. Together, they mark a bold vision where India not only expands its presence in space but also strengthens global leadership in exploration, science, and technology—paving the path for a developed and space-faring nation by 2047.
Summary:
ISRO is advancing ambitious missions, including a 75,000-kg heavy-lift rocket, Gaganyaan human spaceflight, Chandrayaan-4, and the Bharathiya Anthariksh Station by 2035. Plans also include a moon landing by 2040, a Venus Orbiter Mission, and reusable NGLV development, aligned with space reforms to strengthen India’s global space leadership by 2047.
