Indian Railways is on track to meet its net zero carbon emissions goal by the end of 2024, well ahead of its original 2030 target. This accelerated progress is largely due to widespread electrification of train operations. By December, Indian Railways is expected to achieve ‘Scope 1 net zero’, offsetting 2.2 million tonnes of CO₂—200,000 tonnes more than its emissions.
Indian Railways Accelerates Electrification Drive with Ambitious 2030 Power Strategy
With over 90% of traction already electrified, Indian Railways plans to raise this to 95% by 2029–30. This push towards electric traction has significantly reduced emissions, dropping from 3.32 million tonnes in 2023–24 to 2.02 million tonnes in 2024–25. By 2025–26, emissions are expected to fall further to 1.37 million tonnes as electrification increases.
To support this transition, Indian Railways will require around 10 GW of electricity by 2030. Of this, 3 GW will come from renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower; another 3 GW from thermal and nuclear energy; and 4 GW through power purchase agreements with distribution companies. The national transporter is actively exploring partnerships for sourcing 2 GW of thermal power and 2 GW of nuclear power, and is also negotiating to procure 500 MW of round-the-clock renewable energy.
Indian Railways’ Strategic Energy Plan Drives Emission Cuts and Cost Savings
This energy strategy will also address indirect emissions—Scope II and III—associated with power generation. The railway is coordinating with the power ministry to secure its renewable and nuclear energy needs.
In addition to environmental benefits, the shift to electrification is bringing substantial financial savings. Diesel expenses for train traction are projected to fall to ₹9,528.53 crore in 2025–26—the lowest in more than a decade. By combining aggressive electrification, diversification of energy sources, and long-term sustainability planning, Indian Railways is positioning itself as a global leader in green transportation.
Summary:
Indian Railways aims to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2024, ahead of its 2030 goal, driven by over 90% electrification. Emissions are dropping rapidly, supported by a 10 GW power strategy focusing on renewables, thermal, and nuclear energy. This shift also cuts diesel costs, boosting sustainability and savings.
