In a historic move to tackle worsening air quality, the Delhi government has announced its first artificial rain experiment through cloud seeding. Scheduled for October 29, the initiative aims to cleanse the city’s polluted air after Diwali celebrations. The project, costing Rs 3.21 crore, is led by IIT Kanpur in coordination with IMD Pune.
How the Experiment Will Work
Modified Cessna aircraft will disperse a mixture of silver iodide nanoparticles, iodised salt, and rock salt into moisture-laden clouds over northwest and outer Delhi. The chemicals stimulate cloud condensation, encouraging water droplets to merge and fall as rain. Trial flights conducted from July 4–11 covered about 100 square kilometres per sortie and lasted around 90 minutes. If clouds cooperate, the first rainfall is expected on October 29, with backup windows on October 28 and 30.
What is Cloud Seeding?
Cloud seeding, or artificial rain, enhances precipitation in existing clouds rather than creating rain from scratch. Chemicals like silver iodide or dry ice act as nuclei that attract water vapour, forming raindrops. The process is deployed via aircraft or ground-based generators. Globally, countries such as China and the UAE have used cloud seeding to combat drought, improve air quality, and supplement water resources.
Why Delhi Needs It
Post-Diwali, Delhi’s AQI levels have been alarming, with readings as high as 402 at Anand Vihar (severe) and over 300 in other areas. Artificial rain can temporarily wash away pollutants and reduce particulate matter concentrations. However, experts warn that rainfall depends entirely on suitable cloud and weather conditions.
Potential Risks and Considerations
While artificial rain may provide short-term relief, repeated cloud seeding could leave chemical residues in soil and water. Environmental scientists stress that this is not a permanent solution but a scientific experiment to explore new methods of urban pollution management. If successful, it could serve as a model for other Indian cities grappling with extreme air pollution.
