Recent reports have highlighted the presence of ethylene oxide, a cancer-causing chemical, in Indian food exports to the European Union. Despite being banned in Hong Kong and Singapore due to its carcinogenic properties, Indian products continue to be contaminated, raising questions about food safety standards and regulatory measures.
Extent of Contamination: Between September 2020 and April 2024, European food safety authorities detected ethylene oxide contamination in 527 Indian products. These included nuts, sesame seeds, herbs, spices, dietetic foods, and other food items. While 87 consignments were rejected at the border, others were withdrawn from the market after discovery.
Health Risks and Regulatory Response: Ethylene oxide, originally intended for sterilizing medical devices, poses serious health risks, including lymphoma and leukemia. Despite its dangers, Indian authorities have not taken proactive steps to ban its use in food products. Consumer safety advocates emphasize the need for exploring safer alternatives and conducting comprehensive studies to assess risks.
Call for Government Action: Experts urge the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) and the Union government to initiate studies on alternative sterilization methods, such as gamma ray treatment, to ensure food safety. There is a growing concern among activists about the quality of exported products and the need for stringent safety checks in local markets as well.
Industry Practices and International Standards: Ethylene oxide is commonly used to sterilize products against harmful bacteria, but its widespread use raises concerns about consumer exposure. While the EU has set a limit of 0.1 mg/kg for ethylene oxide in food products, Indian exports have consistently failed to meet these standards. Despite advisory notices from regulatory bodies like the Spices Board, contamination levels remain high.
Conclusion: The presence of ethylene oxide in Indian food exports underscores the importance of stringent quality control measures and regulatory oversight. As concerns over consumer safety grow, there is an urgent need for collaboration between government agencies, industry stakeholders, and consumer advocates to address this issue effectively. Only through concerted efforts can India ensure the integrity and safety of its food exports in the global market.
